Occupational burnout is one of the fastest-growing mental health threats among employees, including healthcare professionals, and particularly physicians. Anyone performing work can face this problem; however, doctors constitute a professional group especially at risk due to the nature of their profession. Experiencing occupational burnout can have a highly adverse effect on patient safety, as patients expect their physicians to act with professionalism, due diligence, and full commitment. Meanwhile, the loss of physical and mental strength in a doctor represents a significant problem not only for the physician themselves but also for the individuals under their medical care. Occupational burnout is inherent to the nature of many professions and is not a phenomenon that can be permanently eliminated from employees’ lives. Although this syndrome is primarily associated with psychological aspects, its complex nature and the consequences it produces for others make it necessary to examine the issue also from a legal perspective. Appropriately designed legislative solutions can play a significant role in reducing the prevalence of occupational burnout among healthcare professionals.